Dolly (5 July 1996 – 14 February 2003) was a female Finn-Dorset sheep and the first mammal that was cloned from an adult somatic cell.
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Dolly the sheep was born at the Roslin Institute in Scotland, marking a ground-breaking moment in scientific history.
She was the first mammal successfully cloned from an adult somatic cell, a revolutionary achievement that challenged previous understanding of cellular potential and genetic replication.
The cloning process, led by scientists Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell, involved transferring the nucleus of an adult sheep's mammary gland cell into an unfertilized egg cell, which was then implanted into a surrogate mother.
Dolly's creation demonstrated that a fully differentiated adult cell could be reprogrammed to generate an entire organism, opening new possibilities in genetic research, medicine, and biotechnology.
She was cloned by associates of the Roslin Institute in Scotland, using the process of nuclear transfer from a cell taken from a mammary gland.
Her cloning proved that a cloned organism could be produced from a mature cell from a specific body part.