The First Chechen War was an intense armed conflict between the Russian Federation and the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, which began in December 1994 and continued through 1996.
By late December 1995, the war had reached a critical stage, with significant military operations and humanitarian consequences.
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Russian federal forces were attempting to suppress the Chechen independence movement, leading to widespread destruction in the Chechen region and substantial civilian casualties.